Design, construction and supervision of earthworks with the traffic arteries construction – embankments and cuts

摘要

The Masters' Thesis deals with the procedures, requirements, and different solutions that need to be discussed or taken into consideration when designing and constructing cuts and embankments with the construction of traffic arteries. Besides the general requirements that need to be observed in such planning, the requirements and conditions for a qualitative execution of geo-technological surveys are described at the beginning, and presented the basics of different types of calculation analysis for safety and deformations definition of the works planned. Then, the requirements and aims, which have to be observed in designing cuts and embankments, are presented. Further on, different measures and procedures, enabling the execution of permanently stable and subsistent cuts and embankments also in poor bearing and less stable soil are presented. Different measures are described, which enable execution of even steeper cut slopes than would otherwise be feasible with regards to the ascertained sheer strength of soil and rocks, in which the individual cuts are located. With it, different measures for collection and drainage of ground and hinterland water from the cut area are separately presented, for this can have an important influence on the stability and subsistence of the works executed. With regards to the designing and construction of embankments, different measures and procedures for improvement of subsoil bearing capacity and for decreasing of their settlement under the weight of embankments as well as different measures and procedures, which enable the use of even less appropriate material for embankment construction, or enable embankment construction with larger slope gradients are presented separately. In the end a practical example of designing and execution of high embankments founded on poor bearing soil, executed on the eastern motorway near Ljubljana in the hinterland of the Bizovik village is presented.