Geodetic evaluation of the building's facades for the purpose of energy renovation

摘要

Statistics show that in recent years, global energy consumption is growing steadily. In the countries of the European Union buildings consume 40 percent of total energy and release 36 percent of greenhouse gas emissions. These data suggest that it is necessary to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. To this we can contribute with improved energy efficiency of buildings that we can achieve with energy renovation. Energy renovation of buildings is an engineering project with which we reach that the buildings consume at least half of the energy for heating or cooling as before the renovation. In this master’s thesis we are studying the energy renovation of buildings and the methods of façade measuring. Topic largely covers the area of geodesy, which deals with both classical method of surveying and terrestrial laser scanning. At the same time it also covers the area of energy renovation, which is associated with energetic and construction. We reviewed the area of energy renovation and the possibility of participating geodetics profession in the façade measurements. Our focus was on the classical terrestrial measurement and terrestrial laser scanning, wireframe buildings and prefabricated façade elements. The need to ensure a high level of precision we needed to pay attention to the establishment of a geodetic reference network in the vicinity of the present building. Based on the reference case, we want to draw conclusions regarding the selection of relevant geodetic methods on the basis of selected buildings and the chosen method of energy renovation. A practical field measurement was carried out following various post processing. For field measurement, we used an advanced surveying instrument that combines different measurement techniques. To the final result - 3D wireframe façade - we came up with different calculation and postprocessing. By comparing the results obtained, we can assess the accuracy of each method, and most importantly, determine the advantages and disadvantages of each method, and the differences between them.