The thesis deals with modelling of valve-regulated lead-acid (VRLA) batteries to answer the two biggest questions of 'will they work' and 'when will they need to be replaced' without resorting to full discharge. Despite the strong efforts undertaken by numerous researchers in search of simple and reliable indicators of the state-of-health (SOH) of a battery they were never found. Originally, it was expected that resistance, conductance and impedance measurements could be such indicators, but they have turned out to be unreliable.This dissertation attempts to solve the problem by proposing a complex approach utilising fast calculation model for electrochemical processes to predict the behaviour of VRLA batteries under charge-discharge conditions and applying this model to a fast analysis of backup batteries in uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems and detection of weak batteries in telecommunication networks.This model can predict the behaviour of VRLA batteries in full range of charge-discharge processes, including deep discharge and overcharge of batteries, using direct current, voltage and temperature measurements. The SOH of batteries can be detected by this method in terms of natural electrochemical processes.
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