Le cas de la sous-culture punk féministe américaine : vers une redéfinition de la relation dialectique 'mainstream -underground' ?

摘要

This dissertation seeks to analyze the complex and ambivalent relationships that exist between mainstream "dominant" culture and oppositional underground subcultures, through the study of American feminist punk subculture (notably under the form initiated by the riot grrrl networks). By confronting the views and discourses expressed by insiders of this feminist and anticapitalist subculture on the one hand, and drawing from the theoretical background of subcultural studies on the other hand, we want to examine the social function of these types of networks. How do insiders conceive their own involvement and their subcultural practices? What is the purpose of an anti-establishment underground subculture, if ever there is one? We also seek to question the concept of subversion: is it possible for a subcultural group to exert a disruptive potential in a society that apparently largely feeds on criticism of itself. We will sketch out some answers to these issues in the last part of this work by drawing some parallels between punk and feminist punk subcultures, medieval carnivalesque practices as they are described by Mikhaïl Bakhtin, and the Dionysian spirit depicted by Nietzsche.