Penelusuran efikasi kombinasi ekstrak Calotropis gigantea dengan artemisin pada parasit Plasmodium berghei sebagai antimalaria

摘要

Calotropis gigantea radix is one of wild plant which hasn’t usefull for human. It’s has reported that Calotropis giganteacan used to antibacteria and antiinflamation. Calotropis gigantea radix has abioactive component as antimalarial.The purpose of this research are to know antimalarial activity from combination of Calotropis gigantea radix extract and artemisin and to know the active compounds that contained from ethanol extract of Calotropis gigantea radix with reagent test and TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography).ududThe research consist of extraction of Calotropis gigantea radixwas done with extraction maseration method. Extraction was performed by maseration with 80% ethanol solvent. Concentrated extract was in vivo antimalarial tested to animal model. Mice were peritoneal infected with 106Plasmodium berghei ANKA and divided into 5 treatment groups: negative control; positive control (artemisin of dose 4 mg/kgBW); combination of artemisin (1/4 dose of artemisin standar) and Calotropis gigantea in 3 doses: 0,1 mg/KgBW; 1 mg/KgBW and 10 mg/KgBW. Data of inhibition was analyzed using SPSS program with Two Way ANOVA Test dan continued with Tukey Test.ududThe result shows that combination of Calotropis gigantea radix extract and artemisin with dose 10 mg/KgBB has higher antimalarial activity than positive control (artemisin). The value of parasite inhibition is 55,2% for dose 0.1 mg/KgBW ; 72,8% for dose 1 mg/KgBW ; 87,3% for dose 10 mg/KgBW and 56,06 mg/KgBW for positive control (artemisin). The phytochemical compounds in 80% ethanol solvent extract are tannins and steroids. It is also supported by the results using the TLC separation, the separation of steroid compounds that produce a reddish purple color with Rf 0.22; 0.26; 0.33; 0.38; 0.49 and 0.6 and tannin produces purple-black color with Rf 0.62.