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Liquid film dynamics in horizontal and tilted tubes: dry spots and sliding drops

机译:水平管和倾斜管中的液膜动力学:干点和滑动滴

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摘要

Using a model derived from lubrication theory, we consider the evolution of a thin viscous film coating the interior or exterior of a cylindrical tube. The flow is driven by surface tension and gravity and the liquid is assumed to wet the cylinder perfectly. When the tube is horizontal, we use large-time simulations to describe the bifurcation structure of the capillary equilibria appearing at low Bond number. We identify a new film configuration in which an isolated dry patch appears at the top of the tube and demonstrate hysteresis in the transition between rivulets and annular collars as the tube length is varied. For a tube tilted to the vertical, we show how a long initially uniform rivulet can break up first into isolated drops and then annular collars, which subsequently merge. We also show that the speed at which a localized drop moves down the base of a tilted tube is non-monotonic in tilt angle.
机译:使用源自润滑理论的模型,我们考虑了覆盖圆柱管内部或外部的薄粘性膜的演变。流动是由表面张力和重力驱动的,并且假定液体可以完美润湿圆柱体。当管是水平的时,我们使用大量的模拟来描述在低键数下出现的毛细管平衡的分叉结构。我们确定了一种新的薄膜配置,其中一个孤立的干燥斑块出现在管的顶部,并且随着管长的变化,在小孔和环形套环之间的过渡处表现出滞后现象。对于垂直倾斜的管子,我们展示了一个长而均匀的小溪如何首先分裂成孤立的液滴,然后分裂成环形套环,然后又合并在一起。我们还表明,局部液滴在倾斜管的底部向下移动的速度在倾斜角度上不是单调的。

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