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Crisis Mapping during Natural Disasters via Text Analysis of Social Media Messages

机译:通过社交媒体消息的文本分析,了解自然灾害期间的危机映射

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摘要

Recent disasters demonstrated the central role of social media during emergencies thus motivating the exploitation of such data for crisis mapping. We propose a crisis mapping system that addresses limitations of current state-of-the-art approaches by analyzing the textual content of disaster reports from a twofold perspective. A damage detection component employs a SVM classifier to detect mentions of damage among emergency reports. A novel geoparsing technique is proposed and used to perform message geolocation. We report on a case study to show how the information extracted through damage detection and message geolocation can be combined to produce accurate crisis maps. Our crisis maps clearly detect both highly and lightly damaged areas, thus opening up the possibility to prioritize rescue efforts where they are most needed.
机译:最近的灾难证明了紧急情况下社交媒体的核心作用,从而激发了利用此类数据进行危机绘图的能力。我们提出了一种危机映射系统,该系统通过从双重角度分析灾难报告的文本内容来解决当前最新方法的局限性。损坏检测组件采用SVM分类器来检测紧急情况报告中提到的损坏。提出了一种新颖的地理解析技术,并将其用于执行消息地理定位。我们报告了一个案例研究,以显示如何将通过损坏检测和消息地理定位提取的信息进行组合以生成准确的危机图。我们的危机图清楚地检测到高度受损和轻度受损的区域,从而为在最需要的地方进行优先救援工作提供了可能性。

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