〈近代公教育制度〉の歴史的位相 : アメリカにおける〈近代公教育制度〉形成の論理と教育行政制度の歴史的構造

摘要

The modern public educational system is established by the modern state, In America its basic structure was formed on the first half of the nineteenth century. The characteristic of its formative process was to be a part of the bourgeois social revolution after the bourgeois political revolution. Therefore, the basic structure of the modern state and society reflected typically upon the modern public educational system in America. We can find that in some representative opinion of those days, for example, the maintenance of political order and social equalization. The development of school admonistration in America was under restriction of the historical structure of the state's power. It was put into practice through the local public authorities, because in America the performance of the state's power was the duty of the local authorities. The district system and the school committee carried out this roll typically. However, the school administration became apt to be social centralization in the first half of the nineteenth century with unification of the public educational system. The State Eoard of education was established in this perod. Therefore, the consolidated structure of the centralization and decentralization was the historical characteristic of school administration in America.