西廂記の「注疏」 : 王驥徳・毛奇齢による戯曲の読解

摘要

Among the pieces of Yuan zaju 元雑劇, Xixiangji 西廂記 has been a popular title through the history of Chinese classical drama.Beginning in later Ming, over 40 editions of Xixiangji text were published one after an-other, while it was also popular as an onstage play.The author discusses two editions with full commentaries; composed by Wang Jide 王驥徳 in the late Ming, and Mao Qiling 毛奇齢 in the early Qing.Their work follows the model of the commentaries and annotations 注疏 on the Confucian canon.They tried to reconstruct the “original” version which was already lost but imagined as an ideal one, by way of putting notes to prove the authenticity of the chosen text.After Wang wrote the basic commentaries, Mao produced more detailed readings of the text.Although drama was not included in the subjects of traditional scholarship, Mao, who was a scholar of the classical studies, ap-plied its methodology to his work on Xixianji.Mao's work can be recognized as the first sort of literary researches from our modern viewpoints.Also it can be said that the commentary works served a major role in the process of making Xixiangji a canonical piece of Chinese classical drama during late Ming and early Qing period.To illustrate the features of these works, the author gives some typical examples of commentaries both by Wang and by Mao.