En marge du milieu alpin- Dynamiques de formation des ensembles lithiques et modes d'occupation des territoires au Paléolithique moyen

摘要

The lithic assemblages variability remains a major topic in Prehistory. Tackle this variability and interpreting it, amounts to examining the dynamic of assemblages formation, in a quantitative and qualitative way. The individualization of the different mecanisms implied, contributes to characterizing the functioning of a site, i.e. the techno-economic modalities of its occupation. These problematics are related to those of the hunter-gatherer settlement patterns.The chronological context is the Middle Palaeolithic one at the beginning of the upper Pleistocene and the geographical context is the margin of the Alp's environment. Within this contrasted physical entity, two distinct sectors have been privileged (Venety region, Liguro-Provençal region). Finally, parallel to the study of more classical sites, have also been observed sites with low density of lithic artefacts, regularly left aside these perspectives until today.The observation of usually discrete elements reveals a variability in the techno-economic norms that hadn't yet been demonstrated (type of products in circulation, model of chaîne opératoire sequencing, maximal distances of raw material circulation). About the modes of occupation of the territories, the complementarity suggested between the different sites attests indisputably the existence of structured organisations. The results of this study, in respect with the methodological choices, underline finally the importance of observation, interpretation and validation modalities on our perception of chrono-cultural assemblages in Prehistory.