Teleoftalmología y teleoptometría: estrategias de atención en salud en constante avance

摘要

Objective: To conduct a literature review on developments and experiences in the fields of teleophthalmology and teleoptometry. Methodology: This documentary research uses secondary data sources through a search in databases such as Hinari, ScienceDirect, Medline, Pubmed, and, in particular, indexed journals such as the American Journal of Public Health and the Cuban Journal of Ophthalmology. Results: There has been progress in research, development and implementation of services, especially in teleophthalmology and, to a lesser extent, in teleoptometry. Nevertheless, all studies were developed as pilot studies, and none of them has been received as a care model by the health system of any nation or institution. This, perhaps, is due to cultural factors in both health professionals and patients; to economic factors, given the limited research on the cost-effectiveness of implementing this service, and to the limited access to information and communication technologies in regions inhabited by vulnerable populations. Conclusions: Despite these limitations, teleophthalmology and teleoptometry contribute to health care and to reducing adverse outcomes; they are tools for the interdisciplinary work of professionals worldwide.