(Lou) cure-se!!!: corpos vividos em instaurações cênicas no hospital Dr. João Machado

摘要

This thesis focuses on a research proposal, with a research-action methodology, on the so-called be crazy, its corporeality and interpersonal relations established by these bodies and that are revealed in everyday scene of a psychiatric institution, when in direct contact with artistic processes of the instauration of scenes; always remembering that these bodies under the sign of madness deal with stigma. It is about finding the way of being bodily predominant by restrictions and disruption in the relationship that these people create with one another, with time and space. With that in mind, it is observed how these bodies are structured and how they move in social spaces that appear to be impregnated by an ideology of values, beliefs and prejudices acquired in the socio-historical process. The treatment of the insane is historically defined by a practice of exclusion and difference that makes the crazy a being destitute of reason and conscience, amoral and harmful, and thus discrimination is effected by control through the enclosure and/or exacerbated medication; The cruel marks of this oppressive ideology that characterizes the history of madness, where the crazy still occupies the place of the oppressed, are still visible in this research and perceived in gestures and oral and body expressions; the history of these bodies is personalized in narrated dramas and by the emotional charge impregnated in gestures, the tone of voice in speeches, songs and screams that are revealed in the everyday scene. Thus, this work proposes a link between madness and art and for this, we try to find connections between concepts and issues that permeate the theme of madness and creation processes, emphasizing the importance of the contact and of the human experience with the language of art through the contact with the residents of the Psychiatric Hospital Dr. João Machado, working together with Cruor Arte Contemporânea, a permanent group of art and culture, from the DEART/UFRN (Art Department), a dramaturgy group from the Núcleo Transdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Artes Cênicas e Espetaculares (Interdisciplinary Center for Research on Performing and Spectacular Arts). Articulating art and madness in this study is linked to the experience obtained in the interaction of these bodies in the meetings. This is the relationship of these labeled and institutionalized bodies appointed as mentally ill, for having a record of enclosure in hospital stays, places termed madhouse, which contains a coercive social control culture. We investigate the encounter of the bodies of artists who bring in themselves the experience of art and, from there, we consider the possibility of an existential aesthetic of the relationship between body, space, time and movement in totalitarian institutions and in a wider sense, in conditions historically determined for the crazy, marked by abandonment and absence of this body, as well as the temporal and spatial disorientation. In order to study this scenario, we took advantage of the contribution of the Body Psychology added to an existential phenomenological reading and of the Analytical Psychology, by studying the meaning of the symbols in the relationship of the human with themselves and the environment. These theoretical perspectives presented were chosen for bringing contributions to the study of the human being in its symbolic, bodily and existential aspects, from the perspective of art. Such studies are essential to the construction of the phenomenological experience of the subject as a way of life in their relationship with themselves and the other through the experience of madness with the presence of art. During this investigative process, we understood that studying the current everyday scenes enthralled in the hospital Dr. João Machado by considering differentiated subjectivities as mentally disabled or people in psychological distress pervades the understanding that in today's society there are new forms of production of madness, e.g., new ways to be crazy, and therefore reaffirming that the manufacture of these emerging subjective ways of being crazy is social and historical and the art can show a way for this understanding. Then, it is possible to allow the plasticity and aesthetics to other forms of experiences, and "be" with openness to dare, create and reflect their issues, their strangeness, their adopted positions and places undertaken in the community. In this sense, by the art, in a space of health and science to produce knowledge about the real and the lived, with the artistic language of the performing arts, as this makes the human being being able to express and perceive the world in a more intense way. It was in sight to consider experiential and body pedagogies to handle the scenes and the bodies that circulate and are present in that institutionalized reality, and it was created, with some patients, the scenic instauration (Lou)Cure-se!!! [(Un)Heal Yourself!], presented to the public in July and August 2016, on the premises of the psychiatric hospital Dr. João Machado.