Governança de projetos de segurança à luz da governamentalidade: lições da Copa do Mundo FIFA 2014 em Natal/RN

摘要

In 2014, Brazil hosted the 20ª edition of FIFA World Cup, which took place simultaneouslyin 12 host cities, among them Natal/RN. The event employed more than 177,000 men andinvested R $ 1.1 billion only in the security area. The numbers’ magnitude sets FIFA WorldCup 2014 as an important reference for those working in the project management field, due toits complexity and relevance. The Federal Police (PF) was responsible for five areas (borders,immigration, federal and transnational crimes, dignitaries and terrorism) and managed itsactions through a program based on its own project management methodology, developedfrom the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK).This work aims to analyze,from the perspective of governmentality, the lessons learned in the FIFA World Cup 2014security program in charge of the Federal Police in the city of Natal/RN. Governmentalityproposes to make the autossupervisão become reflexive through spontaneous submission andthe employee commitment, which makes external sources of unnecessary surveillance. Theapproach demanded by the object is qualitative and constitutes a descriptive research that usesdocumentary analysis as general method to study the lessons learned by the PF in the event,which were later submitted to content analysis aided by the Atlas.ti software. The dissertationaddresses the development of its own project management methodology by the FederalPolice, based on the Project Management Base of Knowledge and describes the state of the artin governance and governmentality, relating its contents to project management. Having as"corpus" the documented records of the lessons learned by the 21 operational coordinators,the results reveal a mismatch between the formally adopted governance model, internal andorganic, consistent with the governmentality theory, and the one effectively used in the event,which was external and mechanicist. The results also helped to identify the common elementsbetween the governance of the event security project and governmentality literature, whichwere Coherence, Deconcentration, Self-Regulation and Engagement. Finally, this study hasidentified specific governmentality solutions for the governance of future mega eventssecurity projects.