Equilíbrio de fase de sistemas com alcanoaminas e tensoativos em alta pressão: montagem e teste de um aparato experimental

摘要

Oil is a complex mixture having predominantly paraffinic hydrocarbons, naphthenic andaromatic (Freitas and Costa, 1969) and other constituents (sulfur, nitrogen and oxygen)that normally occur in the form of organic compounds. The CO2, for example, bepresent in over 25% of the oil extracted from the pre-salt layer of the Campos andSantos basins. Estimates suggest that only in two areas with defined reserves - the Tupiand Iara, where there is an accumulation of up to 12 billion barrels of oil and gas - thereare 3.1 billion tons of CO2, one of the gases that contribute to warming. Because of thislarge amount of contaminants (CO2, N, S, etc.) present in the mixture of hydrocarbonsextracted these basins, it must find new ways of separation of this contaminant. Forsuch development of new practices is important a constant study of the thermodynamicequilibrium between oil constituents and their contaminants. Thus the goal is to build adevice that generates enough conditions to check phase behavior of various oilindustry's interest systems with their most common contaminants, eg CO2 at highpressure using prior knowledge of Guerra-Neto, 2010, which must operate attemperatures and pressures up to 300 bar and temperatures up to 100 degrees Celsius.Some systems of interest are: CO2 and alcanoaminas (monoetanolamine, dietanolamine,trietanolamine). Lauryl alcohol ethoxylate and water and CO2 and alkanes with mildcontamination of water.