Síntese e caracterização de materiais mesoporosos inorgânico-orgânicos para aplicação na adsorção de gás carbônico

摘要

The need to find new technologies to minimize the increasing emission of greenhouse gases on the planet becomes increasingly urgent. Currently processes studied the adsorption technique using mesoporous materials are having enough focus. The family of the SBA is within these materials, which can be highlighted the SBA-15 and SBA-16 as structures with interesting textural properties. In the present work was carried out the synthesis of these materials according to the methodology described in the literature. After these steps, the silicon structures were functionalized by means of impregnation techniques with a branched polyethylenimine polymer etilendiamina (PEI) in the methanolic medium, where the reaction of amines with the silicon structure has ionic character; and graft functionalization with organosilanes, where we used the N [(3-trimetoxissilil) propyl] diethylenetriamine (DT- NNN) where the structure is formed from a group of silicon and three amines. The reaction of this molecule with the silicon surface is performed through a covalent bond. There was also the functionalization of SBA-16 using double functionalization combining the two techniques to get higher percentage amines. The part was proposed recycling of SBA-15 silicon material, which after functionalization, were heat-treated at a temperature of 550 °C for the removal of organic groups. Each functionalization step was performed a new structure functionalization step, where they were repeated 6 times. The materials were characterized by physico-chemical techniques in order to verify the formation of structure and organization. The process of pure CO2 adsorption on functionalized SBA-16 materials, was performed on a volumetric equipment under 1 bar pressure at 45 °C where the sample E-SBA16-10PEI and CC-SBA16-50PEI showing adsorption amounts of 47 mg CO2/g ads and 108 mg CO2/g ads, respectively. Adsorption tests for SBA-15 were also performed at 1 bar and 45 ° C, less amounts of CO2 absorbed were reported out for samples with DT and this is related to loss of efficiency of amines. This behavior was not observed in the samples impregnated with PEI.