Influência de macro e micro fatores na adoção de práticas de TI verde em instituições de ensino superior brasileiras: uma pesquisa à luz da teoria da crença-ação-resultado

摘要

This study aims to understand how environmental beliefs of IT managers associated to institutional pressures influence the adoption of Green IT in organizations. For that, was used Belief-Action-Result model as theoretical support, which is based on the Theory of Action that aims to explain how micro factors influence a macro environment. The research approach was qualitative. To achieve research’ objective was conducted 10 semi-structured interviews with application of a checklist of the 37 practices of Green IT more adopted in Brazil. The technique used to analyze qualitative data was the thematic or categorical content analysis supported by the software Nvivo©. The data collected by questionnary were analyzed calculating the frequency of the answers. Among the results, there was a greater influence of the macro factors mimetic pressure and organizational factors. However, the others macro factors investigated, influence of rules, laws and regulations and opinion of the academic community were cited less often by IT managers. Regarding the micro factors, only three managers reported own initiatives related to the adoption of Green IT in workplace. Related to the adoption of green IT practices, seven of the ten institutions investigated demonstrated a higher frequency adoption in partial and full adopted practices. Finally, when asked about the perceived benefits the ten interviewees cited organizational benefits, and eight reported the existence of social benefits. In summary, regarding the comparison of the cases, the results of macro and micro influences was heterogeneous, as each university showed a different combination of factors of influence. Based on these results, it is suggested that public institutions invest more in consistent actions to regulate the adoption of sustainable practices associated with IT. Educational institutions also can invest in campaigns to generate higher participation of the academic community in relation to the subject. This study promotes the divulgation of the Green IT practices most adopted by surveyed universities, setting an example for other institutions and other types of organizations.