Análises bromatológicas e fitoquímicas de frutos de Licaniatomentosa (Benth) FRITSCH

摘要

This study conducted chemical analyzes of the fruits of Licania tomentosa Benthbelonging to the Chrysobalanaceae family, order and superorder Rosiflorae Rosales. Sampleswere collected in February 2011 in the city of Natal - RN. The fruits were separated into peel,pulp and seed, and the samples were analyzed on moisture and ash by thermogravimetricmethods, reducing and total sugars, lipids by Soxhlet extraction, minerals by ICP / OES andother analyzes by physical measurements of the fruit. The fruits for the analysis ofdetermination of flavonoids and phenolic compounds were dried at 40 ° C and ground. For theanalyzes to determine the content of phenolics and flavonols was used spectroscopy in thevisible region, and also performed the characterization of ethanol extracts by highperformance liquid chromatography and test for antioxidant activity hydroethanolic extracts.The results obtained are about 83.9% of the fruits have a length between 4.0 to 6.0 cm withrespect to the diameter of the fruit about 97.4% of the fruits have a diameter between 2.0 - 4,0 cm, mean weight of 36.14 g (7.86), the bark showed 60.5 (1.5)% relative humidity, the flesh72.3 (0.9) and 44.4 seeds (0.4 )%, the bark showed 0.22 (0.00)% ash, the pulp 1.41 (0.01)%and the seed 1.18 (0.01)%, the bark showed 3.73 (0, 09) mg lipids / 100 g sample of the pulp0.40 (0.04) and the seed 0.05 (0.00). With respect to reducing sugars and total gave theresults, 16.23 (0.23) g/100g and 20.70 (0.24) g/100g. The fruit is presented with a goodsource of nutrients especially carbohydrates and lipids. The analysis for determining theantioxidant activity tests were performed reducing power and antioxidant capacity, theantioxidant capacity of hydroethanolic extracts of peel and pulp showed similar results, withhigher concentrations however hydroethanolic bark extract. Regarding the content ofphenolics and flavonoids hidroetanílico bark extract showed higher concentration values. Thecharacterization of the extracts by high performance liquid chromatography identified thefollowing compounds by retention time indicated by the race of the standards: galic acid,kaempferol and kaempferol derivatives. Considering the results of the fruit Licania tomentosaBenth may be an alternative food by analysis of their nutritional content and has substanceswith antioxidant action