Clinical studies were done on 41 patients who had ureteral stones and who had undergone open surgery at the Tsukuba University Hospital from 1976 to 1981. 1) The ranges in age were from 18 to 74 years old with male to female ratio being 1.2 to 1.0. 2) The localizations of the ureteral stone were upper ureter in 21 patients (51.2%), midureter in 7 patients (17.0%), lower ureter in 12 patients (29.3%) and renal pelvis in 1 patient (2.4%). 3) Modes of surgery frequently performed were ureterolithotomy in 35 patients (85.4%) and nephrectomy in 4 patients (9.8%). 4) The average operation time was 100.5 min. for ureterolithotomy and 146.5 min. for nephrectomy. 5) Intraoperative average blood losses were 66.3 ml in ureterolithotomy and 521.3 ml in nephrectomy. 6) Components of the ureteral stone frequently seen were CaP+CaOx mixed stones in 50.0%, CaOx stones in 33.3% and CaP stones in 11.1 %. 7) There was neither pseudo-recurrence nor true recurrence during the postoperative follow-up period.
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