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Evolving Informal Risk-Sharing Cooperatives and Other-Regarding Preferences

机译:不断发展的非正式风险分担合作社及其他相关偏好

摘要

In this paper we present a model of formation and destruction of informal cooperatives in a population of agents who perform a risky activity and who are heterogeneous in terms of success in their actions. Although some agents have high-risk and others low-risk, our model displays a dynamics with cooperatives in which agents share equally their income with a certain stability. We are interested in studying at the same time the existence of cooperatives, their ability to integrate a large proportion of agents and the degree of segregation of these cooperatives. Three factors can explain the existence, stability and lack of segregation. First, we show that the classical explanation in economics holds within the framework of our model: when agents are risk averse, high success agents can share with low success agents so that to stabilize the value of their income - the higher the risk aversion, the more stable the cooperatives and the lower the segregation. Learning can explain in a small proportion the existence of cooperatives: we designed agents so that they have to learn whether they are high or low-risk, and while they are learning, they tend to create cooperatives that can last. Eventually we worked on the integration of other-regarding preferences in the model, with two different definitions. As expected, the influence of other-regarding preferences is to increase stability and decrease segregation, and the two models of rationality react differently to the type of network in which the agents are immersed. This paper, mainly exploratory, presents our model and shows the influence of the definition of network as well as all other factors presented before. In that sense, although we have mainly done a rough exploration of its relevant parameters for the moment, it exposes different insights that can be gained by its study.
机译:在本文中,我们提出了一个非正式合作社的形成和销毁​​模型,该模型在执行风险活动且行动成功与否各不相同的特工中。尽管某些代理商具有高风险,而其他代理商则具有低风险,但是我们的模型显示了合作社的动态,其中代理商在一定的稳定性下平均分配其收入。我们有兴趣同时研究合作社的存在,他们整合大量代理商的能力以及这些合作社的隔离程度。三个因素可以解释隔离的存在,稳定和缺乏。首先,我们证明经济学中的经典解释在我们的模型框架内成立:当代理人规避风险时,高成功代理人可以与低成功代理人共享,从而稳定其收入价值-风险规避越高,合作社越稳定,隔离程度越低。学习可以在很小的程度上解释合作社的存在:我们设计了代理商,以便他们必须了解他们的高风险或低风险,并且在学习过程中,他们倾向于建立可以持续的合作社。最终,我们使用两个不同的定义,在模型中整合了其他方面的偏好。正如预期的那样,其他方面的偏好的影响是增加稳定性和减少隔离,并且两种理性模型对主体所浸入的网络类型的反应不同。本文主要是探索性的,介绍了我们的模型,并说明了网络定义以及之前介绍的所有其他因素的影响。从这个意义上讲,尽管我们目前主要对它的相关参数进行了粗略的探索,但是它揭示了可以通过研究获得的不同见解。

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