ETUDE DE LA STABILITE AUX PETITES PERTURBATIONS DANS LES GRANDS RESEAUX ELECTRIQUES : OPTIMISATION DE LA REGULATION PAR UNE METHODE METAHEURISTIQUE

摘要

Over the past two decades, electric utilities operate their power systems at full power and often closer to their stability limits. The small signal stability improvement, in particular the damping of inter-area oscillations, has become, therefore, a priority. Interactions between the generators of different regions and their regulators require a global optimization of their performances: this is the best way to ensure the whole optimal behaviour. Our work objective is to ensure a maximum damping of the inter-area modes as well as of the local modes, using power system stabilizer (PSS) that is habitually used in the damping of electromechanical local modes. Thus, we have developed a global optimization method based on genetic algorithms and a multiobjective function using relative and absolute stability parameters that are obtained of the system eigenvalue analysis. We have analyzed the influence of the gradual increase of the variable number that to be optimized simultaneously (PSS parameters, their location and number). The proposed method allows an optimal setting of PSSs with the best possible location and a reduced number. We have also proposed a new optimization method using dynamic search space. This can improve the optimization performance as well as the convergence acceleration. The performance of these optimization methods has been evaluated on the New England/ New York multimachine system via linear model eigenvalue analysis, and non-linear time domain simulations.