Réponse du membre pelvien d'un usager vulnérable lors d'un impact avec un véhicule motorisé Approche expérimentale et analyse éléments finis

摘要

In accidents implying vulnerable road users, the lower limb is one of the most injured body areas. Therefore, this work is focused on the lower limb response in such impacts. A biofidelic finite element model (LLMS model) was first used to reproduce experimental tests that consisted of lateral impacts on the leg. Computed accelerations, kinematics and injuries were compared against experimental data. Good correlations were showed from a qualitative point of view. Based on an experimental configuration (lateral impact, car velocity 32 km/h), a car-bicycle impact was then simulated. The computed lower limb response was consistent with the experimental one. New impact configurations were studied for car-bicycle and car-pedestrian impacts. Parameters of the car (velocity, shape) and the posture of the cyclist (knee flexion) were modified to analyse the most critical conditions for vulnerable road users. The main injury mechanisms (shearing and lateral flexion) of the lower limb in such impact situations were quantified. Injury thresholds were estimated for all the tested configurations. In the present simulated car-bicycle and car-pedestrian impacts, levels of shearing displacement and lateral flexion angle leading to knee injury were evaluated.