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Ni Enrichment and stability of Al-free garnierite solid-solutions: a thermodynamic approach

机译:不含铝的菱铁矿固溶体的镍富集和稳定性:热力学方法

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摘要

Garnierites represent significant Ni ore minerals in the many Ni-laterite deposits worldwide. The occurrence of a variety of garnierite minerals with variable Ni content poses questions about the conditions of their formation. From an aqueous-solution equilibrium thermodynamic point of view, the present study examines the conditions that favor the precipitation of a particular garnierite phase and the mechanism of Ni-enrichment, and gives an explanation to the temporal and spatial succession of different garnierite minerals in Ni-laterite deposits. The chemical and structural characterization of garnierite minerals from many nickel laterite deposits around the world show that this group of minerals is formed essentially by an intimate intermixing of three Mg-Ni phyllosilicate solid solutions: serpentine-ne ́pouite, kerolite-pimelite, and sepiolite-falcondoite, without or with very small amounts of Al in their composition. The present study deals with garnierites which are essentially Al-free. The published experimental dissolution constants for Mg end-members of the above solid solutions and the calculated constants for pure Ni end-members were used to calculate Lippmann diagrams for the three solid solutions, on the assumption that they are ideal. With the help of these diagrams, congruent dissolution of Ni-poor primary minerals, followed by equilibrium precipitation of Ni-rich secondary phyllosilicates, is proposed as an efficient mechanism for Ni supergene enrichment in the laterite profile.
机译:钙镍铁矿是全球许多镍红铁矿矿床中重要的镍矿石矿物。各种镍含量可变的金刚砂矿物的出现引起了对其形成条件的质疑。从水溶液平衡热力学观点出发,本研究考察了有利于特定金红石相析出的条件和富集镍的机理,并解释了镍中不同金红石矿物的时空演替。 -红土矿床。来自世界各地许多镍红土矿床的金铁矿矿物的化学和结构特征表明,这组矿物基本上是由三种Mg-Ni页硅酸盐固溶体的紧密混合形成的:蛇纹石-ne-普碳石,硅藻土-黄铁矿和海泡石-钙蒙脱石,其组成中不含或含很少量的铝。本研究涉及基本不含铝的金铅矿。假设它们是理想的,则使用上述固溶体的Mg端基的已公布实验溶出常数和纯Ni端基的计算常数来计算这三种固溶体的Lippmann图。借助这些图,提出了贫镍初级矿物的同等溶解,然后富镍次生页硅酸盐的均衡沉淀,是红土中镍超基因富集的有效机制。

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