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Ozone and Water Vapor Measurements by Raman Lidar in the Planetary Boundary Layer: Error Sources and Field Measurements

机译:Raman Lidar在行星边界层中进行的臭氧和水蒸气测量:误差源和场测量

摘要

Why do we need time series of ozone and water vapor profiles at low altitude? The degradation of air quality is a very serious environmental problem that affects urban and industrial areas worldwide. Air pollution injures human health and ecosystems, diminishes crop yield, and spoils patrimony and materials. The phenomena involved in air pollution are very complex. Once emitted into the atmosphere, (primary) pollutants are transported, dispersed, transformed by gas/solid phase change and chemical reaction, and finally removed by dry and wet deposition. Most challenging is the fact that the health and environmental impacts of secondary pollutants (formed in the atmosphere) are frequently more severe than those of their precursors (primary pollutants). This is the case of ozone and other photochemical pollutants, such as peroxyacetil nitrate (PAN) and secondary particles, produced in the atmosphere by the photo-oxidation volatile organic compounds (VOC) catalyzed by nitrogen oxides (NO(sub x)). Photochemical air pollution is a complex science because of the non-linearity of its response to changes in primary emission.
机译:为什么在低空需要臭氧和水蒸气剖面的时间序列?空气质量的下降是一个非常严重的环境问题,它影响着全世界的城市和工业区。空气污染损害了人类健康和生态系统,降低了农作物的产量,破坏了遗产和财产。涉及空气污染的现象非常复杂。一旦排放到大气中,(主要)污染物便会被运输,分散,通过气相/固相变化和化学反应转化,最后通过干法和湿法沉积去除。最具挑战性的事实是,次级污染物(在大气中形成)对健康和环境的影响通常比其前体(初级污染物)对健康和环境的影响更为严重。臭氧和其他光化学污染物(例如过氧乙腈硝酸盐(PAN)和次级颗粒)就是这种情况,它们是由大气中由氮氧化物(NO(sub x))催化的光氧化性挥发性有机化合物(VOC)产生的。光化学空气污染是一门复杂的科学,因为其对一次排放变化的响应是非线性的。

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