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Monitoring riverbank erosion in mountain catchments using terrestrial laser scanning

机译:使用地面激光扫描监测山区流域的河岸侵蚀

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摘要

Sediment yield is a key factor in river basins management due to the various and adverse consequences that erosion and sediment transport in rivers may have on the environment. Although various contributions can be found in the literature about sediment yield modeling and bank erosion monitoring, the link between weather conditions, river flow rate and bank erosion remains scarcely known. Thus, a basin scale assessment of sediment yield due to riverbank erosion is an objective hard to be reached. In order to enhance the current knowledge in this field, a monitoring method based on high resolution 3D model reconstruction of riverbanks, surveyed by multi-temporal terrestrial laser scanning, was applied to four banks in Val Tartano, Northern Italy. Six data acquisitions over one year were taken, with the aim to better understand the erosion processes and their triggering factors by means of more frequent observations compared to usual annual campaigns. The objective of the research is to address three key questions concerning bank erosion: "how" erosion happens, "when" during the year and "how much" sediment is eroded. The method proved to be effective and able to measure both eroded and deposited volume in the surveyed area. Finally an attempt to extrapolate basin scale volume for bank erosion is presented.
机译:由于河流的侵蚀和沉积物运输可能对环境造成各种不利影响,因此,沉积物产量是流域管理的关键因素。尽管可以在有关沉积物产量模型和河岸侵蚀监测的文献中找到各种贡献,但几乎不了解天气状况,河流流量和河岸侵蚀之间的联系。因此,流域尺度评估由于河岸侵蚀造成的沉积物产量是一个难以达到的目标。为了增强该领域的现有知识,将基于河岸高分辨率3D模型重建的监测方法(通过多时相陆地激光扫描调查)应用于意大利北部瓦尔塔塔诺的四个河岸。与一年一度的年度活动相比,通过更频繁的观察,在一年内进行了六次数据采集,目的是更好地了解侵蚀过程及其触发因素。该研究的目的是要解决三个与河岸侵蚀有关的关键问题:“侵蚀”的发生方式,一年中的“何时”以及侵蚀的沉积物“多少”。该方法被证明是有效的,并且能够测量被调查区域的侵蚀和沉积量。最后提出了外推盆地规模体积以进行河岸侵蚀的尝试。

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