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Regeneration of breeding tubercles on zebrafish pectoral fins requires androgens and two waves of revascularization

机译:斑马鱼胸鳍上繁殖结节的再生需要雄激素和两次血运重建

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摘要

Sexually dimorphic breeding tubercles (BTs) are keratinized epidermal structures that form clusters on the dorsal surface of the anterior rays of zebrafish male pectoral fins. BTs appear during sexual maturation and are maintained through regular shedding and renewal of the keratinized surface. Following pectoral fin amputation, BT clusters regenerate after the initiation of revascularization, but concomitantly with a second wave of angiogenesis. This second wave of regeneration forms a web-like blood vessel network that penetrates the supportive epidermis of BTs. Upon analyzing the effects of sex steroids and their inhibitors, we show that androgens induce and estrogens inhibit BT cluster formation in intact and regenerating pectoral fins. Androgen-induced BT formation in females is accompanied by the formation of a male-like blood vessel network. Treatment of females with both androgens and an angiogenesis inhibitor results in the formation of undersized BT clusters when compared with females treated with androgens alone. Overall, the growth and regeneration of large BTs requires a hormonal stimulus and the presence of an additional blood vessel network that is naturally found in males.
机译:有性双态繁殖结节(BTs)是角化的表皮结构,在斑马鱼雄性胸鳍前射线的背表面上形成簇。 BT在性成熟过程中出现,并通过定期脱落和更新角化表面来保持。切开胸鳍后,BT簇在血运重建后开始再生,但同时伴随第二波血管生成。第二波再生波形成了一个网状的血管网络,该网络穿透了BTs的支持表皮。通过分析性类固醇及其抑制剂的作用,我们表明雄激素可诱导和雌激素抑制完整和可再生的胸鳍中BT簇的形成。女性中雄激素诱导的BT形成伴随着男性样血管网络的形成。与仅用雄激素治疗的雌性相比,用雄激素和血管生成抑制剂治疗雌性会导致形成较小的BT簇。总体而言,大型BT的生长和再生需要激素刺激,并且需要男性天然存在的其他血管网络。

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