Lern- und Lehrdesign mit Neuen Medien : ein grafisches Symbolsystem auf der Basis eines didaktischen Referenzmodells

摘要

INITIAL SITUATION: Nowadays, learning and teaching takes place in different environments using very diverse tools. New media – in learning context usually called e-learning – are very important for this specific kind of design because they can be found on each level of education and in each faculty. New media in complex learning environments admit an increasing variety of methods and a growing number of forms of cooperation. On the one hand, combined forms of learning require new learning and teaching strategies, on the other hand, traditional didactic instruction continues to be valid. A classification system that helps to categorize learning and teaching categories according to methodical learning criteria is generally necessary. THE LEARNING AND TEACHING MODEL: That is exactly the starting point for the learning and teaching model which has been developed in this dissertation. It identifies basic didactic variables producing exact and valuable statements for any possible learning situation while establishing correlations between these ones in an integrative approach. According to this, the model does not only categorize learning or teaching activities, but also describes them from an actor-orientated perspective of learners and teachers. The selected didactic parameters present a different level of details in order to ensure a different level of abstraction. The model is based on a system diagram that helps to structure the different meanings of the learning parameters. Generally acknowledged learning theories and other corresponding disciplines prove the validity and functionality of the model.THE DIDACTIC SYMBOL SYSTEM: The complete conception of the model may also serve as a graphic representation system of a learning process. Therefore the model provides the theoretical basis for a graphic symbol system including the same functionality as its original but in a visual design. The symbolic system may be used in many ways for example instructional design, monitoring of lessons and all forms of planning teaching and learning in which the symbol system does not make any statements about learning contents and objectives, but concentrates on describing learning concepts. The symbol system does not draw any conclusions concerning the evaluation of teaching. But integrated in a research approach it may be helpful by visualizing didactic processes in a concentrated way.