Korrelation der bioelektrischen Impedanz-Analyse (BIA) und Lebensqualität nach körperformenden Eingriffen in der Plastischen Chirurgie

摘要

Introduction: In plastic surgery, body contouring becomes more popular. In this study, long-term effects of abdominoplasty and liposuction on fat-/BMI-values and changes in quality of life were analysed. Materials and methods: The study included two patient groups who underwent plastic surgery between October 1998 and November 2001. 57 patients (group A) underwent liposuction, 41 (group B) abdominoplasty. Fat and BMI-values were determined one hour before surgery, at the first postoperative day, 3 weeks, 3, 6, and, 12 months postoperatively. To evaluate the individual rating of the postoperative results and quality of life, an individual patient questionnaire and FACIT-SP were performed preoperatively and three months after surgery. Results: In 36 patients of group A and 32 patients of group B, the B.I.A.-measurements could be done at all 6 time points. 4 patients of the liposuction group had to be corrected secondarily. 3 months after plastic surgery, the patients with liposuction presented an increase of body fat up to preoperative values. 6 months after surgery, a decrease could be observed (1.74 kg). One year after surgery, the patients in the liposuction-group had 1.98 kg less body-fat. The B.I.A.-values of the liposuction-group showed similar characteristics: twelve months after surgery the BMI-value was averagely 0.94 kg/m² reduced. In the abdominoplasty-group, there was a decrease of 2.97 kg in body fat after 12 months. Furthermore, the BMI showed a decrease of 0.11 kg/m2. The individual rating of the postoperative result and quality of life increased significantly in both groups. In patients with liposuction, the value of the FACIT-questionnaire increased from 91.57 preoperatively up to 136.16 points postoperatively. In the abdominoplasty group, there was an increase from 89.12 to 132.43. In the individual questionnaire, liposuction patients improved from 14.83 to 24.77 whereas patients with abdominoplasty presented an increase from 16.84 to 25.21. Conclusions: 12 months after body contouring, patients with abdominoplasty and liposuction showed significantly lower fat and BMI-values. Furthermore, a significant improvement of quality of life could be observed in both groups. The unfavourable development of fat and BMI-values after three months by liposuction-patients might be improved by education and guidelines for nutrition.