In ancient GraecoRoman Egypt, funerary portraits painted in the encaustic style often indicated the deceased individual’s socioeconomic status through depicted adornments and clothing. For example, purple clavi such as the clavus in “32.6 The Bearded Man” used their color to distinguish higher social castes from the common population. Traditionally, highquality purple dye was painstakingly extracted from the Murex sea snail; however, this expensive colorant’s use primarily as a dye rather than a pigment motivated the development of less costly organic dyes for lake pigment production. We explored the processing of several dye precursors accessible to GraecoEgyptians of antiquity (kermes, lichen, indigo, madder and alkanet roots which can all be colorshifted to purple by a variety of metal and alkali salts) in order to characterize the production of the purple used in “The Bearded Man.” Spectroscopic techniques such as raman, absorption, fluorescence, and XRD offer comparative chemical, physical, and optical analyses of the dyes and pigments that result from the various precursors and the addition of metal and alkali salts. Pigments produced experimentally are compared with a sample from “The Bearded Man” in order to better correlate the processing materials and methods available in ancient GraecoRoman Egypt.
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机译:在古希腊罗马古罗马,以迷恋风格绘制的葬礼画像经常通过描绘的装饰物和衣服来表明死者的社会经济地位。例如,紫色锁骨as(例如“ 32.6 The Bearded Man”中的克拉维)使用其颜色来区分社会阶层和普通人群。传统上,高质量的紫色染料是从Murex海蜗牛中精心提取的,但是,这种昂贵的着色剂主要用作染料而不是颜料,这促使人们开发出成本更低的有机染料来生产色淀。我们探索了古埃及人可访问的几种染料前体的加工过程(kermes,地衣,靛蓝,madder和alkanet根,它们均可通过各种金属和碱金属盐而变色为紫色),以表征所用紫色的产生在“大胡子男人”中。光谱技术(例如拉曼光谱,吸收光谱,荧光光谱和XRD)提供了对染料和颜料的化学,物理和光学比较分析,这些分析是由各种前体以及添加的金属盐和碱金属盐形成的。为了更好地关联古代Graeco ManRoman Egypt中可用的加工材料和方法,将实验生产的颜料与“ The Bearded Man”的样品进行了比较。
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