Towards a conceptual framework for social-ecological systems integrating biodiversity and ecosystem services with resource efficiency indicators

摘要

In this article we develop a comprehensive conceptual framework for resource efficiencyudindicators with a consistent link of resource use to the socio-economic system and activities therein asudwell as to the natural system and its ecosystem functioning. Three broad groups of indicators areuddefined: (1) resource use indicators representing pressures on the environment; (2) resource efficiencyudindicators relating resource use indicators to the socio-economic side; and (3) environmental impactudindicators linking resource use impacts on the state of the natural system. Based on this conceptualudframework we develop a structure for possible resource efficiency indicators and conduct a RACERudevaluation on the Relevance, Acceptance, Credibility, Easiness and Robustness of indicators. Withudthe RACER evaluation, we identify areas where indicators are well established and available as welludas areas where indicators still need further development or even need to be designed first.