The effects of storage duration, temperature and cultivar on the severity of garlic clove rot caused by Fusarium proliferatum.

摘要

Diseases that affect garlic during storage can lead to severe economic losses for farmers worldwide. One causal agent of clove rot is Fusarium proliferatum. Here, the progress of clove rot caused by F. proliferatum and its dependence on different storage conditions and cultivar type were studied. The effect of temperature on mycelialudgrowth,udconidialudviability,udandudfungaludsurvivaludduringudgarlicudcommercialudstorageudwasuddocumented.udSamplesudofud50udbulbsudfromudaudrandomizedudfieldudtrialudwithudthreeuddifferentudclonaludgenerationsudforudpurpleudgarlicud(F3,udF4udandudF5)udandudtheudF4udclonaludgenerationudforudwhiteudgarlicudwereudlabeledudandudstoredudforudtwoudmonthsud(short-termudstorage).udInudaddition,udanotherudsampleudofudtheudF5udclonaludgenerationudofudpurpleudgarlicudwasudstoredudforud6udmonthsudafterudharvestud(long-termudstorage).udTheudpresenceudofudtheudpathogenudandudtheudpercentageudofudsymptomaticudclovesudwereudevaluated.udAudnotableuddifferenceudinudtheudrotudseverityudindexud(RSI)udofuddifferentudgarlicudvarietiesudwasudobserved.udInudalludstudiedudcases,udcloveudrotudincreasedudwithudstorageudtimeudatud20ud◦udC,udandudtheudwhiteudgarlicudvarietyudhadudaudhigherudindexudofudrotudseverityudafterudtwoudmonthsudofudstorage.udAdditionally,udthereudwereudclearuddifferencesudbetweenudtheudgrowthudratesudofudF.udproliferatumudisolates.udStudiesudconductedudonudtheudtemperatureudresponsesudofudtheudpathogenudpropagulesudshowedudthatudexpo-udsureudforudatudleastud20udminudatud50ud◦udCudwasudhighlyudeffectiveudinudsignificantlyudreducingudtheudviabilityudofudfungaludconidia.udPathogenicityudstudiesudshowedudthatudtheudfungusudisudpathogenicudinudalludcommercialudvarieties.udHowever,udthereudwereudsignificantuddifferencesudinudvarietaludsusceptibilityudbetweenudChineseudandudwhiteudgarlicudtypeudcultivarsud(81.84ud±ud16.44%udandud87.5ud±ud23.19%udsymptomaticudcloves,udrespectively)udandudpurpleudcultivarsud(49.06ud±ud13.42%udsymptomaticudcloves)