There is a need for in-situ soil moisture conservation in arid and semi-arid regions due to insufficient rainfall for agriculture. For this purpose, a combination implement [integrated reservoir tillage system (RT)] comprised of a single-row chisel plow, single-row spike tooth harrow, modified seeder, and spiked roller was developed and compared to the popular tillage practices, viz., minimum tillage (MT) and conventional tillage (CT) in an arid Mediterranean environment in Egypt. The different tillage practices were conducted at tillage depths of 15, 20, and 25 cm and forward speeds of 0.69, 1, 1.25, and 1.53 m s-1. udSome soil physical properties, runoff, soil loss, water harvesting efficiency and yield of wheat were evaluated. The different tillage practices caused significant differences in soil physical properties as the RT increased soil infiltration, producing a rate of 48% and 65% higher than that obtained in MT and CT, respectively. The lowest values of runoff and soil loss were recorded under RT as 4.91 mm and 0.65 t ha-1, whereas the highest values were recorded under CT as 11.36 mm and 1.66 t ha-1, respectively. In conclusion, the RT enhanced the infiltration rate, increased water harvesting efficiency, reduced runoff and achieved the highest yield of wheat. The best tillage operating parameters appeared to be at a tillage depth of 20 cm and speed between 1.00 and 1.25 m s-1.
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机译:由于农业降雨不足,需要在干旱和半干旱地区就地保护土壤水分。为此,开发了一种由单行凿犁,单行尖齿耙,改良播种机和尖刺滚筒组成的组合工具[集成水库耕作系统(RT)],并将其与流行的耕作实践进行了比较。埃及干旱地中海环境中的最低耕作(MT)和常规耕作(CT)。在15、20和25 cm的耕作深度以及0.69、1、1.25和1.53 m s-1的前进速度下进行了不同的耕作实践。 ud对小麦的一些土壤物理性质,径流,土壤流失,集水效率和产量进行了评估。不同的耕作方式导致土壤物理性质发生显着差异,因为RT增加了土壤入渗,分别比MT和CT分别高48%和65%。在RT下,径流和土壤流失的最低值分别为4.91 mm和0.65 t ha-1,而在CT下,最高值分别为11.36 mm和1.66 t ha-1。总之,逆境提高了入渗率,提高了集水效率,减少了径流,并实现了小麦的最高产量。最佳的耕作操作参数似乎是在20 cm的耕作深度和1.00至1.25 m s-1的速度之间。
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