Quantitative trait loci conferring grain mineral nutrient concentrations in durum wheat 3 wild emmer wheat RIL population

摘要

Mineral nutrient malnutrition, and particularlyuddeficiency in zinc and iron, afflicts over 3 billion peopleudworldwide. Wild emmer wheat, Triticum turgidum ssp.uddicoccoides, genepool harbors a rich allelic repertoire forudmineral nutrients in the grain. The genetic and physiologicaludbasis of grain protein, micronutrients (zinc, iron,udcopper and manganese) and macronutrients (calcium,udmagnesium, potassium, phosphorus and sulfur) concentrationudwas studied in tetraploid wheat population of 152udrecombinant inbred lines (RILs), derived from a crossudbetween durum wheat (cv. Langdon) and wild emmerud(accession G18-16). Wide genetic variation was foundudamong the RILs for all grain minerals, with considerableudtransgressive effect. A total of 82 QTLs were mapped forud10 minerals with LOD score range of 3.2–16.7. Most QTLsudwere in favor of the wild allele (50 QTLs). Fourteen pairsudof QTLs for the same trait were mapped to seeminglyudhomoeologous positions, reflecting synteny between the Audand B genomes. Significant positive correlation was foundudbetween grain protein concentration (GPC), Zn, Fe and Cu,udwhich was supported by significant overlap between theudrespective QTLs, suggesting common physiological and/orudgenetic factors controlling the concentrations of theseudmineral nutrients. Few genomic regions (chromosomes 2A,ud5A, 6B and 7A) were found to harbor clusters of QTLs forudGPC and other nutrients. These identified QTLs mayudfacilitate the use of wild alleles for improving grainudnutritional quality of elite wheat cultivars, especially inudterms of protein, Zn and Fe.