PENGARUH POLA ASUH ORANG TUA TERHADAP KEMANDIRIAN DAN ASERTIF ANAK : Studi Analitik Deskriptif Pada Anak Nelayan Usia 4-6 Tahun, di Dusun Pelelangan, Desa Blanakan, Kabupaten Subang, Jawa Barat

摘要

Penelitian ini berdasarkan pada fenomena kurangnya perhatian terhadap perkembangan kemandirian dan asertif anak, terutama di daerah nelayan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran empiris tentang (1) pola asuh orang tua nelayan; (2) kemandirian anak nelayan; (3) asertif anak nelayan; (4) perbedaan kemandirian anak nelayan diantara pola asuh orang tua; (5) perbedaan asertif anak diantara pola asuh orang tua nelayan; dan (6) untuk menemukan program hipotetik pengembangan kemandirian serta asertif anak nelayan di Dusun Pelelangan, Desa Blanakan, Kab. Subang, Jawa Barat. Adapun metode penelitian berupa studi analitik deskriptif. Sampel sebanyak 39 orang tua yang memiliki anak usia 4-6 tahun dan berprofesi sebagai nelayan di Dusun Pelelangan, Desa Blanakan, Kab.Subang, Jawa Barat. Data diperoleh melalui penyebaran instrumen berupa angket dengan skala likert. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar orang tua nelayan (79%) memiliki pola asuh authoritative, 7% memiliki pola asuh permisif dan hanya sebagian kecil orang tua (3%) yang memiliki pola asuh authoritarian. Berdasarkan hasil ANOVA One Way diketahui bahwa: (1) tidak terdapat perbedaan kemandirian anak yang signifikan diantara pola asuh orang tua (F = 1.26; p =0.296), dan (2) tidak terdapat perbedaan asertif anak yang signifikan diantara pola asuh orang tua, baik itu pola asuh authoritative, permisif, maupun authoritarian (F= 0.84; p=0.439). Jadi, kemandirian maupun asertif anak nelayan yang diasuh melalui ketiga jenis pola asuh tersebut, memiliki nilai yang hampir sama.ududKata Kunci: Pola Asuh, Kemandirian, Asertif, Anak Usia Dini.ududThis study was intended to reveal the influence of parenting style on 4-6 year old children’s independence and assertivenes in fisherman family. Two hypotheses were generated to test the difference in indepen¬dence and assertivenes between children raised with authoritative, permissive, and authoritarian parents.udSubjects were 39 parents who have 4-6 year old children and work as fisherman in Pelelangan Sub-Village, Blanakan Village, Subang District, West Java. Data were collected by delivering a questionaire with Likert scale. Supporting data were obtained from unstructured interviews with parents and preschool's documents at Play Group Dahlia, in Blanakan Village, Subang. By means of one-way analysis of covariance, the following results were concluded: (1) Difference in independency between children from authoritative, permissive and authoritarian parenting style was not evident (F = 1.26; p = 0,296), (2) Difference in assertivenes between children from authoritative, permissive and authoritarian parenting style was not evident (F = 0.84; p = 0.439), and (3) Parents involved in the study can be classified to: 79% have authoritative style, 18% have permissive style, and 3% have authoritarian style.ududKeywords: independency of early childhood, assertivenes of early childhood, ud parenting styles.udud