THE STUDY OF PHONETIC AND PHONEMIC CHANGES OF ENGLISH LOANWORDS IN SEVEN SHORT STORIES WRITTEN BY DEWI LESTARIud: A Study of Historical Linguistics

摘要

The present study is entitled The Study of Phonetic and Phonemic Changes of English Loanwords in Seven Short Stories Written by Dewi Lestari: A Study of Historical Linguistics. This study aims to analyze and reveal the English loanwords found in those short stories and their kinds of phonetic and phonemic change.The main theoretical framework used in this study is from Crowley (1997) elaborating the phonetic and phonemic change. This study used a qualitative descriptive method. There are two findings of this study. Firstly, there are 226 loanwords which are included into incorporated-loanwords found in this study. Secondly, this study also reveals the kinds of phonetic and phonemic change of English loanwords that are found in this study. Those changes are divided into three kinds: phonetic change without phonemic change, phonetic change with phonemic change and phonemic change without phonetic change. First, the finding shows that there are two changes included phonetic and phonemic change: ([(r)][r] and [ph][p]). Next, phonetic change with phonemic change is divided into three: phonemic loss (the loss of the phoneme /t/ in the end of a word), phonemic addition (/ø//e/; /ø//a/; and /ø//o/), and rephonemicisation. Rephonemicisation is also divided into three kinds: merger (e.g. the /a/, /æ/, /ei/, /ǝ/, /a:/, and /ᴐ:/ change into /a/), split (/v/  /v/ or /f/; /k/  /k/ or /s/; and /dӡ/ /j/ or /y/ or /g/), and shift (no found). The last, phonemic change without phonetic change found in this study is the change of phoneme /ŋ/ into /n/. The findings may inform to the spelling adaptations of Indonesian Spelling System (PedomanUmumEjaan Bahasa Indonesia yang Disempurnakan, 2004).ududPenelitian ini berjudul The Study of Phonetic and Phonemic Changes of English Loanwords in Seven Short Stories Written by Dewi Lestari: A Study of Historical Linguistics. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dan mengungkap kata serapan yang berasal dari Bahasa Inggris yang ditemukan dalam tujuh cerpen karya Dewi Lestari dan perubahan fonetik dan fonemik dalam kata-kata serapan tersebut. Kajian teori utama yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah “Phonetic and Phonemic Change” yang dikemukakan oleh Crowley (1997). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan dua hasil. Pertama, dalam penelitian ini ditemukan 226 kata serapan yang berasal dari Bahasa Inggris. Kedua, penelitian ini juga mengungkap jenis-jenis perubahan phonetik dan phonemik yaitu perubahan fonetik, perubahan fonetik dan fonemik, dan perubahan fonemik. Perubahan fonetik yang ditemukan adalah ([(r)][r] and [ph][p]). Selanjutnya, perubahan fonetik dan fonemik dibagi menjadi tiga jenis, yaitu phonemic loss (hilangnya fonem /t/ di akhir kata), phonemic addition (/ø//e/; /ø//a/; and /ø//o/), and rephonemicisation. Rephonemicisationjugadibagi menjadi tiga jenis yaitu merger (e.g. the /a/, /æ/, /ei/, /ǝ/, /a:/, and /ᴐ:/ change into /a/), split (/v/  /v/ or /f/; /k/  /k/ or /s/; and /dӡ/ /j/ or /y/ or /g/), and shift (tidak ditemukan). Hasil dari penelitian ini bisa memperkaya Sistem Ejaan dalam PedomanUmumEjaan Bahasa Indonesia yang Disempurnakan, 2004.