The study reported in this thesis forms part of a continuingudprogramme of research on the performance of anchors and anchoredudsupported structures being carried out at the University of Sheffield.udIn addition to a review of some of the recent laboratory studies,udfield observations and analytical investigations, the present studyudincorporates two main parts. In the first part, the failure mechanismudand load carrying capacity of multi-plate anchors were investigated inuda series of small scale studies. The study showed the difference inudbehaviour between single and multi-plate horizontal anchors and led touda better understanding of their failure mechanism. It also providedudinformation for the design of the multi-plate anchors to be used inudthe second part of the research programme.udIn the second part, the behaviour of a 0.6 m high rigid retainingudwall in a normally consolidated sand and supported by up to four rowsudof' anchors, was studied.udDifferent design methods were employed to examine the overalludstability of the wall-anchors-soil system. These were investigatedudexperimentally in a series of tests in which field. constructionudprocedure was simulated. After construction was completed, theud- iii -udretained backfill was subjected to surcharge loading in an attempt toudapproach failure. Normal earth pressure distribution on both sides ofudthe wall, normal and shear components of the wall base reaction,udanchor load changes, anchor movements, wall movements, sand surfaceudsubsidence and sand movements within the retained sand mass wereudmonitored.udThe study showed the reliability of the different design methodsudand the effect of parameters such as anchor lengths and prestressudloads on the overall behaviour of the systems.
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