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Anaerobic digestion for closing the loop of a biorefinery for organic farming: Production of biogas and organic fertilizer from process residues

机译:厌氧消化,用于封闭用于有机农业的生物精炼厂的环路:利用工艺残留物生产沼气和有机肥料

摘要

The availability of organic animal feed for monogastric animals and organic fertilizer is in many regions a limiting factor for the further spread of animal breeding and crop cultivation in organic farming. The production of these two commodities is the main target of a green biorefinery concept based on regionally organically grown grass biomass, called Organofinery. Anaerobic digestion of the residual streams after protein separation for the organic feed product is a key process to extract both the energetic and the nutritional value of the residual biomass in the biorefinery. Biogas potentials of the residual streams from the processing of red clover and clover grass (press cake obtained from screw pressing to produce green juice and brown juice after precipitation of protein concentrate from the green juice) where determined in batch and reactor experiments and a mass balance of the nutrients was established based on analysis of N, P, K, and S from the different process stages of the concept. The AD process was tested in lab-scale both as co-digestion of press cake and brown juice in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) and of the brown juice alone in an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. Both reactor processes showed stable performance without signs of inhibition or nutrient deficiency. The methane yields, the nutritional value of the digestates from these experiments as well as the mass balances for the whole process will be presented.udIn mesophilic co-digestion (50:50 ratio based on VS) of press cake and brown juice from red clover at 20d hydraulic retention time (HRT) methane yields of 237 to 283 L-CH4/kg-VS were achieved while mesophilic treatment of brown juice from clover grass in the high-rate reactor yielded on average 202 L-CH4/kg-VS at 3 days HRT. udFor red clover, concentrations of N, P, K and S were 5.07, 0.45, 4.58, and 0.25 g/-kg-biomass, respectively while the values for these nutrients were 2.97, 0.40, 5.51, and 0.23 g/-kg-biomass for clover grass. After screw press separation and protein precipitation of red clover 52, 53, 43 and 52% of the respective nutrient input were left in the press cake while 15, 30, 38, and 13% were found in the brown juice. After processing of clover grass it was 60, 56, 39 and 55% of the respective nutrient input left in the press cake while it was 11, 27, 31, and 26% in the brown juice. Nitrogen in the digestate from the co-digestion process with 20 days HRT was made more bioavailable with an increase of the share of NH4+-N of total-N from 13% to 62%. During 3 days HRT in the UASB process this effect was much lower with only an increase from 11% to 16%.
机译:在许多地区,用于单胃动物和有机肥料的有机动物饲料的可获得性是限制动物育种和农作物种植在有机农业中进一步传播的限制因素。这两种商品的生产是绿色生物精炼概念的主要目标,该概念基于区域有机种植的草类生物质(称为Organofinery)。分离有机饲料产品的蛋白质后,对剩余物流进行厌氧消化是提取生物炼厂中残余生物质的能量和营养价值的关键过程。红三叶草和三叶草草(通过压榨获得的浓缩饼从绿汁中沉淀出蛋白质浓缩物后,通过螺旋压制得到的绿汁和棕汁得到的压滤饼)的加工过程中残留的沼气潜力在批次和反应器实验中确定,并达到质量平衡根据对概念不同过程阶段中N,P,K和S的分析,确定了养分含量。在连续规模的搅拌釜反应器(CSTR)中将压滤饼和棕色汁共消化,而在上流厌氧污泥层(UASB)反应器中仅将棕色汁共消化,对AD工艺进行了实验室规模的测试。两种反应器工艺均显示稳定的性能,没有抑制或营养缺乏的迹象。将展示这些实验中的甲烷收率,消化物的营养价值以及整个过程的质量平衡。 ud在嗜温共消化(基于VS的50:50比例)中,红色压滤饼和棕色汁在20天水力停留时间(HRT)时,三叶草的甲烷产量为237至283 L-CH4 / kg-VS,而在高速率反应器中对三叶草草的棕汁进行中温处理后,平均产量为202 L-CH4 / kg-VS HRT 3天。 ud对于红三叶草,N,P,K和S的浓度分别为5.07、0.45、4.58和0.25 g / kg生物量,而这些营养素的值分别为2.97、0.40、5.51和0.23 g / kg生物量-三叶草的生物量。螺旋压榨分离和红三叶草的蛋白质沉淀后,压榨饼中分别留有52、53、43和52%的营养素输入,而棕汁中分别有15、30、38和13%。加工三叶草后,其分别占压榨饼中营养成分输入的60%,56%,39%和55%,而棕色汁中分别占11%,27%,31%和26%。 HRT 20天的共消化过程中的消化物中的氮被提高了生物利用度,总N中NH4 + -N的比例从13%增加到62%。在UASB过程中的3天HRT中,此影响要低得多,仅从11%增加到16%。

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