If God brought about the Big Bang, did he do that before the Big Bang?ud

摘要

If God brings about an event in the universe, does it have a preceding cause? The standard answer is: yes, it is caused by a divine willing. I propose an alternative view, based on a certain non-compatibilist solu-tion of the dilemma of free will: God"s actions, unlike human actions, are not initiated by willings, undertakings, or tryings, but God brings about the intended event directly. I explain what "bringing about directly" means.