Potential Test of Papaya Leaf and Seed Extract (Carica Papaya) as Larvicides against Anopheles Mosquito Larvae Mortality. SP IN Jayapura, Papua Indonesia

摘要

Anopheles mosquitoes, sp is the main vector of malaria disease that is widespread in many parts of the world including in Papua Province. There are four speciesof Anopheles mosquitoes, sp, in Papua namely: An.farauti, An.koliensis, An. subpictus, and An.punctulatus. Larviciding synthetic cause resistance. This study aims to analyze the potential of papaya leaf and seeds extracts (Carica papaya) as larvicides against the mosquitoes Anopheles sp. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Health Research and Development in Jayapura Papua province. The method used is an experimental post - only control group design. Sampling was done randomly on the larvae of Anopheles sp of breeding places in Kampung Kehiran Jayapura Sentani District, 1,500 larvae. Analysis of data using statistical analysis to test the log - probit mortality regression dosage, Kruskall - Wallis and Mann - Whitney. The results showed that papaya leaf extract effective in killing larvae of Anopheles sp, value Lethal Concentration (LC50) were 422.311 ppm, 1399.577 ppm LC90, Lethal Time (LT50) 13.579 hours, LT90 23.478 hours. Papaya seed extract is effective in killing mosquito larvae Anopheles sp, with 21.983 ppm LC50, LC90 ppm 137.862, 13.269 hours LT50, LT90 26.885 hours. Papaya seed extract is more effective in killing larvae of Anopheles sp. The mixture of papaya leaf extract and seeds are effective in killing mosquito larvae Anopheles sp, indicated by the percentage of larval mortality, the observation hours to 12, the highest larval mortality in comparison 0,05:0,1 extract, 52%, ratio 0.1 : 0.1 by 48 %, on a 24 hour observation, larval mortality in both groups reached 100 %.