Mercury distribution and its potential environmental risks in aquatic habitat at artisanal Buladu gold mine in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia

摘要

Total mercury (THg) in water column, sediment, and aqriatic biota as well as environmental risksudat artisanal Buladu gold mine and vicinity areas of Gorontalo Province, Indonesia wereudinvestigated both in ,or*"n and rainy seasons. THg was determined by CV-AAS (Cold VaporudAtomiJ Absorption Spectrophotometer; Spectr. AA6200) after NabHa (Sodium Borohydride)udreduction, with detecti,onli mit was of 0.001 pg L-r. This study showedt hat the assessmenot fudaverage balancd of Hg:Au ratio forecasted tlnt approximately 1-3 g of Hg in open bmning processudwas releasedto uunorph.re to produceI g of gold. Likewise, 15.88g of Hg is lost to produceI gudof gold during amalgamation procqss in paftiedar equipment, the tromols. Moreover, the highestudlevels of THg concentratiot r i* water columrg sediment and shells in uneontaminated track wereud4i;;t: shsrrgLgtJ*, 2t5pg kg'dw for Bellamnyaia vanica and 397pg g"d* for Myaudarenaria in summer a"*oo, respectively, whereas in rainy se:Bon the lower THg concentrationud;;;;[rg i:1, sa171rgkgldw, i+trrg tg-ta* for Bellamrtyaiav*tica and 180 pg kg'dw for Myaudarenaria. respectively.-However, in contaminated trac the sigrrificant elevated THg were foundud;br,1 ];t;i{ !?izpg k;-iJ;, l455pg kgldw fot Bettamnyaic wanicaa nd l74spg kgrdw forudMva arenaria in summer .*.oo, respectively, whereas in rainy season the highest concentrationud;;;5*g L1 u*ut r.gla*, 125bp! tgid* for Bellamnyiiavanica nd I7!5 pg kgrdw forudfuIya arenal,a, respecuiv.f. Tho." eievated THgs were consistent and sigrrificantly differentudbetweent hose two-seasonsin term of bioaccumulation level. Environmental risks values were alludexceededth e sandard (>1), it was at risks