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Control of immune responses by trafficking cell surface proteins, vesicles and lipid rafts to and from the immunological synapse.

机译:通过将细胞表面蛋白,囊泡和脂质筏运入和运出免疫突触来控制免疫应答。

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摘要

Supramolecular clusters at the immunological synapse provide a mechanism for structuring complex communication networks between cells of the immune system. Regulating intra- and intercellular trafficking of proteins and lipids to and from the immunological synapse provides an additional level of complexity in determining the functional outcome of immune cell interactions. An emergent principle is that molecules requiring tightly regulated cell surface expression, e.g. negative regulators of cell activation or molecules promoting cytotoxicity, are trafficked to the immunological synapse from intracellular secretory as required lysosomes. Many molecules required for the early stages of the intercellular communication are already present at the cell surface, sometimes in lipid rafts, and are rapidly translocated laterally to the intercellular contact. Our understanding of these events critically depends on utilizing appropriate technologies for probing supramolecular recognition in live cells. Thus, we also present here a critical discussion of the technologies used to study lipid rafts and, more broadly, a map of the spatial and temporal dimensions covered by current live cell physical techniques, highlighting where advances are needed to exceed current spatial and temporal boundaries.
机译:免疫突触的超分子簇为构建免疫系统细胞之间的复杂通信网络提供了一种机制。调节蛋白质和脂质向和来自免疫突触的细胞内和细胞间运输在确定免疫细胞相互作用的功能结果方面提供了更高的复杂性。出现的原理是需要严格调节细胞表面表达的分子,例如分子。细胞活化的负调节剂或促进细胞毒性的分子,根据需要的溶酶体从细胞内分泌物转移到免疫突触。细胞间通讯早期所需的许多分子已经存在于细胞表面,有时存在于脂质筏中,并迅速横向转移至细胞间接触。我们对这些事件的理解主要取决于利用适当的技术来探测活细胞中的超分子识别。因此,我们在这里还对用于研究脂筏的技术进行了批判性讨论,更广泛地说,是当前活细胞物理技术所涵盖的时空维度图,着重指出了需要超越当前时空边界的进步。

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