Effet Pockels dans les guides d'onde en silicium contraint : Vers la modulation optique à haute vitesse et faible consommation d'énergie dans le silicium

摘要

This work is devoted to the study of second order nonlinearities in silicon towards low power, high speed modulation. Being a centro-symmetric crystal, silicon does not possess a second order nonlinear susceptibility (X2), which inhibits Pockels effect, a linear electro-optic effect commonly used in the modulation of light in high speed communications. A possible solution to overcome this limitation is by straining/deforming the crystal lattice, which locally breaks the centro-symmetry of the crystal and generates X2.In this thesis, we approach the problem of generating X2 in silicon through the use of strain, covering all the research stages: we depart from newly developed theoretical grounds, simulate together the strain, optical and electrical effects together, describe the fabrication of the devices and present the experimental characterization.In our research work, we were able to detect very particular effects which are attributed to Pockels effect, such as a clear dependence of the crystal orientation on the modulation efficiency and high speed modulation, at frequencies higher than those expected from other contributions. This results are very promising and consist on a step further towards the possible implementation of high speed, low power modulation in silicon devices in the near future.