Méthodologie de l'imagerie scientifique à partir de cas issus de techniques photographiques objectives, et un dernier cas contemporain où l'image reprend une liberté. La chronophotographie d'Etienne Jules Marey, la radiologie par les rayons X, l'image photographique détectrice des rayons uraniques et les nanosciences.

摘要

This work is an analysis of the methodologies of scientific imagery from photography. I choose to focus on the works of Etienne Jules Marey on chronophotography, on those of G. Haret, A. Dariaux, Jean Quenu and of Jean Quenu, Michel Sempé and Carlos Pavia on radiology, on those of Henri Becquerel on radioactivity discovered by him by using photographic technology, and also on contemporary research in the nanosciences. Methodologies are both methods of visualization and methods of producing images, which enables us to see what is invisible. Movement becomes visible with chonophotography, so do inner-parts of the human body thanks to radiology. Uranic rays can be detected and atoms can be visualized and organized using scanning tunneling microscope. This work also deals with the progress of techniques which made visible in the twentieth century what was invisible before, and gave researchers concrete tools to successfully develop quantum mechanic theory. Scientific imagery also gave researchers concrete tools to verify classical mechanic theories. Scientific images have become essential to applied research and fundamental research.