Renforcement de fondations existantes par Soil – Mixing - analyse par modélisation numérique

摘要

The aim of this work is to analyse the influence of soil reinforcement executed by the Soil Mixing method on the behaviour of shallow and deep foundations. Numerical investigation has been carried out - with the use of Finite Element (FE) analyses in ABAQUS - in an attempt to identify the mechanisms guiding the performance of supported foundations. To be able to use SM columns as the foundation’s improvement, it is necessary to fully understand their performance under applied static, axial load. Therefore, a set of simulations reproducing loading tests of single and group of columns have been carried out. Full and small scale tests have been modelled and their results compared with experimental observations. Good agreement between numerical predictions and measurements, confirms proper calibration of the chosen constitutive laws of: soils, columns and interactions between them. Moreover, this study has revealed that the SM column acts in a similar way to concrete pile, hence its behaviour is governed mainly by the interface. Afterwards, numerical modelling of small scale shallow foundation has been accomplished. Two kinds of reinforcement have been investigated. The first one consists of a single column situated centrally under the analysed footing. The second kind of improvement involves group of four SM columns. Two densities of soil have been analysed. The goal of the modelling is to identify the efficiency of the reinforcement in terms of: bearing capacity of the foundation and reduction of its vertical displacement. Despite significant difference between total forces borne by the foundation tested on soil with different densities, it has been found that the percentage of the total force that was taken by the soil is density independent. The influence of reinforcement executed by group of SM columns on a deep foundation has been studied. Numerical modelling of a theoretical, single pile, installed in homogeneous soil, has been carried out. The aim of the investigation is to detect the impact of parameters such as: pattern of reinforcing elements, horizontal distance between SM columns, vertical distance between columns’ heads and tip of the pile, diameter and length of SM elements, on the bearing capacity of the foundation. It has been found that the distance between columns and their diameter has the biggest influence on the borne force. However, the length of the reinforcement has shown the least significant influence.