Identification du risque opérationnel et apprentissage organisationnel : étude d'un établissement de crédit, le groupe Société Générale

摘要

Our research has the ambition to study the impact of identifying operational risk within the framework of the evolution of the Basel II regulations.The absence of a theoretical reference relative to the object of our research, the identification of operational risk, the context of strong asymmetry which characterizes the banking organisation, brings us to use two theoretical routes: the contractual theory and more specifically the theory of the agency which better lets us understand the stakes in the implementation of identification. We will also base ourselves on the relative theories of organisational training in an integrative approach of cognitive and behavioural dimensions. Our methodology is based on a case study within a French finance company that has adopted the AMA approach, the approach that is the most developed in terms of operational risk management. Within this establishment, due to their representativeness, we have selected two professions, the “banquede detail” (retail bank) and investment bank. According to an analytical grid of interviews that are based on the components of the regulatory system of identifying operational risk, we present in the second part our results.These results have been analysed first for each profession and then with a vision of case comparison in order to permit a comparison between the cases and to allow the emergence of the invariables in the process of the training identified. The results of our research highlight the interest of the system of risk identification on the compartmental training in the process of response stimulus. However, it also shows the limits within an environment of constant change where the standardisation of processes stops the pertinent utilisation of specific competencies. On the other hand, the type of cognitive training that generates new methods of reasoning at an individual level, structured by the system and developed within the social interaction framework. The exchanges have come from the necessity to identify the risk and to formalize it, oblige the individual to justify him or herself and favorise the confrontation of points of view. These interactions could lead to developing new thinking tied to the needs of the need for argument and the socialisation of the individual thinking that tends to objectivise itself.