Analyse des graphes de reactions biochimiques avec une application au réseau metabolique de la cellule de plante

摘要

Nowadays, systems biology are facing the challenges of analysing the huge amount of biological data and large-scale metabolic networks. Although several methods have been developed in recent years to solve this problem, it is existing hardness in studying these data and interpreting the obtained results comprehensively. This thesis focuses on analysis of structural properties, computation of elementary flux modes and determination of minimal cut sets of the heterotrophic plant cellmetabolic network. In our research, we have collaborated with biologists to reconstructa mid-size metabolic network of this heterotrophic plant cell. This network contains about 90 nodes and 150 edges. First step, we have done the analysis of structural properties by using graph theory measures, with the aim of finding its owned organisation. The central points orhub reactions found in this step do not explain clearly the network structure. The small-world or scale-free attributes have been investigated, but they do not give more useful information. In the second step, one of the promising analysis methods, named elementary flux modes, givesa large number of solutions, around hundreds of thousands of feasible metabolic pathways that is difficult to handle them manually. In the third step, minimal cut sets computation, a dual approach of elementary flux modes, has been used to enumerate all minimal and unique sets of reactions stopping the feasible pathways found in the previous step. The number of minimal cut sets has a decreasing trend in large-scale networks in the case of growing the network size. We have also combined elementary flux modes analysis and minimal cut sets computation to find the relationship among the two sets of results. The findings reveal the importance of minimal cut sets in use of seeking the hierarchical structure of this network through elementary flux modes. We have set up the circumstance that what will be happened if glucose entry is absent. Bi analysis of small minimal cut sets we have been able to found set of reactions which has to be present to produce the different sugars or metabolites of interest in absence of glucose entry. Minimal cut sets of size 2 have been used to identify 8 reactions which play the role of the skeleton/core of our network. In addition to these first results, by using minimal cut sets of size 3, we have pointed out five reactions as the starting point of creating a new branch in creationof feasible pathways. These 13 reactions create a hierarchical classification of elementary flux modes set. It helps us understanding more clearly the production of metabolites of interest inside the plant cell metabolism.