Étude de l’influence des singularités créées par la technique de placement de fibres automatisé sur les performances des matériaux composites

摘要

Automated fibre placement (AFP) shows great potential for the manufacture of large complex composite structures. However, one of the factors limiting more widespread applications of this process is the appearance of singularities when lay-up trajectories are optimized. In this study the influence of geometrical singularities has been studied, both in terms of microstructure and mechanical properties. Different types of singularity, gaps and overlaps, have been deliberately introduced into carbon - epoxy laminates by AFP. Their influence has been evaluated by mechanical testing, both in-plane (tension, compression, shear), and out of plane (interlaminar shear, mode I and mode II delamination). A test has then been developed to simulate the response of a small structure, by transverse pressure loading of plates with and without singularities. Overall, the results show a local effect of these defects on the microstructure which can be accentuated by manufacturing conditions. The use of a caul plate allows local material movements which can result in healing of defects during autoclave cure. The understanding of the AFP process acquired here has enabled new possibilities for manufacturing to be developed. A preliminary study of flax fibre reinforced thermoplastic has been performed, which shows promise for the development of complex biocomposite structures.