The relevant of the human numerical models is a major issue in biomechanical researches. The long bones' mechanical properties are often identified from macro-scale characteristics without taking account of bone structure. This lack of consideration explains the limit of the proposed models biofidelity. A multi-scale approach seems to be relevant for the prediction's improvement, in light of this. This thesis studied the human humerus behavior during dynamical solicitations and propose a micromechanical law to describe it. This law is coupling the linear homogenization scheme of Mori-Tanaka to evaluate the apparent mechanical properties of humerus with a thermo dynamical reasoning to describe the cortical bone damaging by porosities growing. The model validity has been established by the estimation of the maximal load during a impact test. This study is based on the results from multi-scale experimental campaigns exploring the mechanicals properties of 13 humerus from 10 post-mortem human cadavers. So impacts tests have been realized on anatomical specimens, the mesoscopic elastic properties and the damaging influence on them have been characterized by traction, compression or flexion tests and the microscopic properties of bone matrix have been measured by nanoindentation.
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