Réflexions géographiques sur l’usage des systèmes multi-agents dans la compréhension des processus d’évolution des territoires viticoles de fortes pentes : Le cas de la Côte Vermeille et du Val di Cembra

摘要

Wine and wineyards stand nowadays as a significant wealth for a number of countries. While retaining their properties as production space, vine-growing regions are developing adaptation strategies to market globalisation and to the ever more versatile consumer expectations.Yet, due to the corresponding specific orographic conditions in steep and mountain territories/areas/regions, actor's relative leeway is reducing ,. Comparatively to plain wine-growing, a large part of their production costs often remains indeed incompressible. On the other hand, these vine-growing landscape take advantage of such harsh conditions in terms of international recognition, as images of social construct and environmental equilibrium.The work presented here emerged as a response to this steep vineyards' sensitivity. This investigation relies on two study areas: the Côte Vermeille vineyards in France, and the val di Cembra in Italy. Our approach focuses on the opportunities granted by agent-based empirical modelling methods, in order to put forward a renewed look at the role of society-environment interactions in the sustainability and development of territories subject to constraints.Using an exploratory and incremental method, three significant issues of steep vine-growing territories have been addressed, thanks to a constellation of multi-agent models, derived from questioning actors of this sector.The first considers the market's impacts on the small-scale plant cover dynamics. The second issue focuses on meso-scale plant cover dynamics and questions the definition of simple socio-economic ruleset, within the frame of land property dynamics and applied to the scale of a few municipalities. The last section of this work is dedicated to some descriptive phenomena within a large scale.Thus, the sum of these reflections leads us to exploit co-designed modelling with the stakeholders in order to propose a global prospective vision for mountain and steep territories. This prospective approach is conducted in association with some of the players in the sector, thus allowing us to delineate the structural variables linked to steep systems in agreement with their experience. Based on these delineated variables, four prospective scenarii are put forward for the steep vine-growing activity.