Analyse d’activités de formation exploitant le visionnage de vidéos et de leurs effets sur l’activité professionnelle d'enseignants novices : une étude de cas en éducation physique et sportive

摘要

Many studies have demonstrated the interest of video-based training, but few have provided empirical evidence of its impact on the professional activity of novice teachers. The principal aim of this study was thus to investigate the activities in a video-based training program and assess their effects on the teaching activity of novice teachers. This study is part of a much broader research program on vocational training. The field of cultural anthropology, much inspired by Wittgenstein’s analytical philosophy (2004), provides the epistemological foundations for this work. The study was conducted within an innovative framework with alternating sequences of classroom teaching in the schools and video-based analysis at the university. The main results and the discussion provide evidence that video viewing aids in the development of certain normative capacities, thereby better equipping novice teachers to analyse their own or others’ teaching activity, as well as to plan and carry it out more effectively in the classroom. In certain circumstances, the experience lived during these video viewing sessions allows them to “approach” the experience of teaching without, however, actually substituting for it. The study also shows that using video sometimes increases the complexity of trainers’ activity and, more broadly, the construction of a veritable training collective.