Four new biphenyl lignans with a tetrahydrofuran moiety, named gymnothelignans X-1, X-2, Y-1, and Y-2 (1 similar to 4), were isolated from the methanol extract of the whole plants of Gymnotheca chinensis Decne. The chemical structures were established by means of spectroscopic analysis including 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and HR-ESIMS. Compound 1 exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against the HCT116, HCT15, A549, MCF-7 and HepG2 cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 18.4, 11.2, 26.5, 9.1 and 23.5 mu mol.L-1, respectively.
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